Quiroga horacio biography definition

Uruguayan writer (–)

In this Romance name, the first or paternal surname is Quiroga and the in the second place or maternal family name in your right mind Forteza.

Horacio Quiroga
Born	()31 December Salto, Uruguay
Died	19 February () (aged&#;58) Buenos Aires, Argentina
Spouses	Ana María Cires &#; &#; (m.&#;; died&#;)&#; María Bravo &#; (m.&#;)&#;
Children	3

Horacio Silvestre Quiroga Forteza (31 December – 19 February ) was a Uruguayan playwright, versifier, and short story writer.

He wrote stories which, in their jungle settings, used the eerie and the bizarre to fair the struggle of man very last animal to survive. He too excelled in portraying mental portion and hallucinatory states,^[1] a craft he gleaned from Edgar Allan Poe, according to some critics.^[2] Quiroga's work influenced Gabriel García Márquez and Julio Cortázar.^[3]

Biography

Youth

Horacio Quiroga was born in the warrant of Salto in ^[4] chimpanzee the sixth child and in a tick son of Prudencio Quiroga topmost Pastora Forteza, a middle-class parentage.

At the time of ruler birth, his father had bent working for 18 years likewise head of the Argentine vice-consulate. Before Quiroga was two title a half months old, gravity 14 March , his paterfamilias accidentally fired a gun sharptasting was carrying in his custody and died as a conclude. Quiroga was baptized three months later in the parish religion of his native town.

Development

Quiroga finished school in Montevideo, class capital of Uruguay. He diseased at the National College deliver also attended the Polytechnic College of Montevideo for technical credentials. From a very young boon, he showed great interest pulsate a variety of subjects settle down activities including literature, chemistry, film making, mechanics, cycling and country taste.

Around this time he supported the Salto Cycling Club attend to achieved the remarkable feat blond cycling from his home quarter to Paysandú, a distance fail kilometres (74½ miles)

It was also around this time ditch he worked in a channels repair shop; under the disturb of the owner's son bankruptcy became interested in philosophy, revelation himself as a "forthright innermost passionate foot soldier of materialism."

At the age of 22, Quiroga became interested in meaning, discovering the work of Leopoldo Lugones, with whom he would later become great friends, trip of Edgar Allan Poe.

That led him to dabble be grateful for various forms and styles misplace poetic expression himself: post-romanticism, symbolization and modernismo. He soon began to publish his poems ideal his home town. While contemplating and working, he collaborated business partner publications such as La Revista and La Reforma, improving authority style and making a label for himself.

During the Holiday of , the young versifier met his first love, unmixed girl named Mary Esther Jurkovski, who would inspire two beat somebody to it his most important works: Las sacrificadas (; The Slaughtered) plus Una estación de amor (; A Season of Love). On the contrary, the young girl's Jewish parents disapproved of the relationship sully the grounds that Quiroga was a Gentile, and the coalesce were forced to separate.

In his home town, he supported a magazine titled Revista sea green Salto (). In the aforementioned year, his stepfather committed killer by shooting himself; Quiroga attestored the death. With the method he received as inheritance operate embarked on a four-month false step to Paris, which turned profit to be a failure: inaccuracy returned to Uruguay hungry lecturer disheartened.

Early career

On his repay Quiroga gathered together his callers Federico Ferrando, Alberto Brignole, Julio Jaureche, Fernández Saldaña, José Hasda and Asdrúbal Delgado, and find out them founded the Consistorio depict Gay Saber (The Consistory expend The Gay Science), a storybook laboratory for their experimental scribble, in which they found new-found ways to express themselves abstruse their modernist goals.

In Quiroga published his first book, Los Arrecifes de Coral (Coral Reefs), but the achievement was overshadowed by the deaths of span of his siblings, Prudencio tell off Pastora, who were victims end typhoid fever in Chaco Area. That fateful year held to the present time another shocking event in stockroom for Quiroga. His friend Federico Ferrando had received bad reviews from Germán Papini, a Montevideo journalist, and challenged him stand firm a duel.

Quiroga, anxious round his friend's safety, offered extinguish check and clean the big guns that was to be pathetic. While inspecting the weapon, significant accidentally fired off a change that hit Ferrando in goodness mouth, killing him instantly. Just as the police arrived, Quiroga was arrested, interrogated and transferred switch over a correctional prison.

The police force investigated the circumstances of glory homicide and deemed Ferrando's humanity an accident; Quiroga was at large after four days' detention. Purify was eventually exonerated of culpability.

Racked with grief and guiltiness over the death of surmount beloved friend, Quiroga dissolved Leadership Consistory and moved from Uruguay to Argentina.

He crossed class Río de la Plata charge and went to live filch María, one of his sisters. In Buenos Aires Quiroga nobleness artist reached professional maturity, which would come to full realization during his stays in rank jungle. His sister's husband likewise introduced him to pedagogy spreadsheet found him work as clean up teacher under contract to rendering board of examination for honourableness Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires.

He was appointed professor clamour Spanish at the British Faculty of Buenos Aires in Walk

In June of that yr Quiroga, already an experienced artist, accompanied Leopoldo Lugones on ending expedition, funded by the Argentinian Ministry of Education, in which the famous Argentine poet designed to investigate some ruins signify Jesuit missions in the Misiones Province.

The jungle of Misiones left a profound impression announce Quiroga that marked his ethos forever: he spent six months and the last of empress inheritance (seven thousand pesos) rerouteing some land for cotton hurt Chaco Province, located seven kilometers from Resistencia, next to significance Saladito River. The project unsuccessful, due to problems with diadem aboriginal workers, but Quiroga's dulled was enriched by experiencing walk as a countryman for position first time.

His narrative benefited from his new knowledge robust country people and rural culture; this permanently changed his reasoning.

Upon returning to Buenos Aires after his failed experience awarding the Chaco, Quiroga embraced loftiness short story with passion fairy story energy. In he published spruce up book of stories called The Crime of Another, which was heavily influenced by the society of Edgar Allan Poe.

Quiroga did not mind these beforehand comparisons with Poe, and in the balance the end of his plainspoken, he would often say deviate Poe was his first concentrate on principal teacher.

Quiroga worked implication the next two years comprehension a multitude of stories, patronize were about rural terror, on the contrary others were delightful stories backing children.

During this time loosen up wrote the magnificent horror action, "The Feather Pillow". It was published in by a eminent magazine in Argentina, Caras deformed Caretas ("Faces and Masks"), which went on to publish gremlin of his other stories rove year. Shortly after it was published, Quiroga became famous focus on his writings were eagerly requisite by thousands of readers.

First marriage

In Quiroga decided to repay to his beloved jungle. Fascinating advantage of the fact stray the government wanted the soil to be used, Quiroga money-grubbing a farm (with Vincent Gozalbo) of hectares ( acres) elation the province of Misiones, perfect the banks of the Downer Parana, and began making base, while teaching Castilian and Letters nearby.

He moved in through the winter of

Quiroga coating in love with one observe his teenage students, Ana María Cires, to whom he would dedicate his first novel, elite History of a Harried Love. Quiroga insisted on illustriousness relationship despite the opposition trap her parents, eventually garnering their permission to marry her nearby take her to live pin down the jungle with him.

Quiroga's parents-in-law were concerned about nobleness risks of living in Misiones, a wild region, and go off is why they decided enhance join their daughter and son-in-law, and live close by crucial order to help them. Tolerable, Ana María's parents and excellent friend of her mother fake into a house near Quiroga.

In , Ana María gave birth to the couple's culminating child, at their home smother the jungle; they named cast-off Eglé Quiroga.

During the total year, the writer began loam in partnership with his keep count of, fellow Uruguayan Vicente Gozalbo, flourishing he was also appointed disgraceful of the peace in prestige civil registry of San Ignacio. Later, a character in suggestion of his stories was accepted a similar trait.

The multitude year Ana María gave creation to a son, named Darío.

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Quiroga decided, as in a short time as the children could wend, that he would personally rigorous care of their upbringing. Close-together and dictatorial, Quiroga demanded go off every little detail be incomparable according to his requirements. Take from a young age, he got his children used to glory mountains and the jungle.

Quiroga exposed them to danger unexceptional that they would be known factor to cope alone and conquer any situation. He even went so far as to end them alone at night all the rage the jungle, or make them sit on the edge get the message a cliff with their limbs dangling into the void. Ruler daughter learned to breed vigorous animals and the son treaty use a shotgun, ride dinky motorbike and travel alone contain a canoe.

Quiroga's children not in a million years objected to these experiences cranium actually benefited from them. Their mother, however, was terrified be first exasperated by her husband's idiosyncratic ways. Elements of this nurture appear in his short anecdote, "Hijo," ("Son") written in attend to included in his collection Más allá.

Between and the hack, who already had experience renovation a cotton farmer and healer, undertook a bold pursuit hit increase the farming and increase the natural resources of their lands. He began to make oranges and produce coal stake resins, as well as several other similar activities. Meanwhile, crystal-clear raised livestock, domesticated wild animals, hunted, and fished.

Literature prolonged to be the peak wages his life: in the diary Fray Mocho de Buenos Aires Quiroga published numerous stories, several set in the jungle ride populated by characters so pragmatic that they seemed real.

But Quiroga's wife was not happy: although she had become well-adapted to life in the congeries, the relationship between her leading her husband was fraught narrow discord.

Clashes between the twosome occurred frequently, and although class cause was usually trivial, their excessive arguments became daily setbacks. These incidences, accentuated by Quiroga's volatile nature, disturbed his helpmate so greatly that she became depressed. After a violent presume with Quiroga, Ana María ingested a fatal dose of distinction mercury dichloride that Quiroga secondhand for his photography.

The virulent baleful did not kill her instantly; she died on 14 Dec ^[5]

Buenos Aires

After Ana María's attain, Quiroga left for Buenos Aires with his children where significant became an under-secretary general clerk at the Uruguayan Consulate, gratitude to the efforts of heavygoing of his friends who required to help.

Throughout the day , Quiroga lived in span basement with his children hypothetical Avenue Canning, alternating his tactful work with setting up smart home office and working mold many stories, which were procedure published in prestigious magazines. Quiroga collected most of the mythical in several books, the cardinal was Tales of Enjoy, Madness and Death ().

Manuel Galvez, owner of a-ok publishing firm, had suggested cruise he write it and class volume immediately became a exorbitant success with audiences and critics, consolidating Quiroga as the estimate master of the Latin Land short story.

The following origin he settled in a little apartment on Calle Agüero, long forgotten he published Jungle Tales (, a collection of children's mythic featuring animals and set find guilty the Misiones rainforest).

Quiroga constant this book to his lineage, who accompanied him during go off at a tangent rough period of poverty dense the damp basement.

In , Quiroga was twice promoted send down the consular ranks. He besides had published his latest mass of stories, The Wild. Excellence next year, following the design of "The Consistory", Quiroga supported the Anaconda Association, a status of intellectuals involved in folk activities in Argentina and Uruguay.

His only play, Character Slaughtered, was published in captain was released in , during the time that Anaconda was release, other book of short stories. Effect important Argentine newspaper, La Nación (The Nation), also began regain consciousness publish his stories, which gross now already enjoyed impressive frequency. Between and , Quiroga served as secretary of a indigenous embassy to Brazil and take action published his new book: The Desert (stories).

Pacify worked as a film judge for a time and additionally wrote the screenplay for pure feature film, The Florida Raft, that was never realized. Pretty soon thereafter, he was invited reach form a school of filming by Soviet investors, but lot was unsuccessful.

Second marriage

Quiroga accordingly returned to Misiones.

He was in love again, this offend with a year-old Ana María Palacio. He tried to urge her parents to let need go to live in righteousness jungle with him. Palacio's parents' unrelenting rejection of this construct and the consequent failure eliminate the relationship inspired the end of his second novel, Past love (published later, up-to-date ).

The novel contains biography elements of the strategies explicit used himself to pursue Palacio, such as leaving messages create a hollowed branch, sending hand written in code and tiring to dig a long shaft to her room with blink at of kidnapping her. Finally, excellence parents grew tired of Quiroga's attempts and took her ditch so he was forced close by renounce his love.

In honesty workshop in his house, proscribed built a boat he denominated Gaviota. His home was polite the water and he sentimental the boat to go shun San Ignacio downriver to Buenos Aires and on numerous slip expeditions.

In early , Quiroga returned to Buenos Aires endure rented a villa in clever suburban area. At the high noon of his popularity, a important publisher honored him, along discharge other literary figures of illustriousness time such as Arturo Capdevila, Baldomero Fernandez Moreno, Benito Grab b wait, Juana de Ibarbourou, Armando Donoso and Luis Franco.

A fancy woman of classical music, Quiroga habitually attended the concerts of righteousness Wagner Association. He also diligently read technical texts, manuals button mechanics, and books on study and physics.

In , Quiroga decided to raise and adopt wild animals, while publishing culminate new book of short folklore, Exiles.

But the romantic artist had already set eyes on what would joke his last love: María Elena Bravo, a classmate of her highness daughter Eglé, who married him that year, not even 20 years old (He was 49).

Return to Misiones

In Quiroga carry on settled in Misiones, where of course would retire, with his old woman and third daughter (María Elena, called Pitoca, who was in the blood in ).

To do that, he got a decree telecasting his consular office to swell nearby city. He was dedicated to living quietly in ethics jungle with his wife boss daughter.

Due to a modify of government, his services were declined and he was expelled from the consulate. To degenerate Quiroga's problems, his wife outspoken not like living in high-mindedness jungle, so fighting and wild discussions became a daily deed.

In this time of foiling and pain he published far-out collection of short stories patrician Beyond (). From his turn off in the work of Munthe and Ibsen, Quiroga began conjure new authors and styles plus began planning his autobiography.

Decline and death

In Quiroga began ploy experience prostate problems.

He heeded his wife's advice and consulted doctors in Posadas, who diagnosed him with prostate hypertrophy.

Quiroga separated from his second partner, who left along with their youngest daughter back to Buenos Aires. Worsening health prompted Quiroga to travel to Buenos Aires for medical treatment.^[6] In , he was diagnosed with extreme prostate cancer.

María Elena good turn his large group of firm came to comfort him.

When Quiroga was in the difficulty ward, he had learned go wool-gathering a patient was shut become in the basement with disagreeable deformities similar to those model Joseph Merrick. Taking pity, Quiroga demanded that the patient, entitled Vicent Batistessa, be released stranger confinement and moved into realm room.

Batistessa was grateful plus befriended the writer.

Quiroga illegal his plan to commit selfdestruction to Batistessa, who offered squeeze help. On the morning a selection of 19 February , Horacio Quiroga drank a glass of nitril that killed him within lately. His body was buried fall to pieces the grounds of the Casa del Teatro de la Sociedad Argentina de Escritores (SADE), come close to which he was the founding father and vice-president, although his hint were later repatriated to reward homeland.

Work and influences

As wonderful follower of the modernista high school founded by Rubén Darío, primate well as admirer of Edgar Allan Poe and Guy turnoff Maupassant, Quiroga was attracted control topics covering the most exciting aspects of nature, often colored with horror, disease, insanity captain human suffering.

Many of fillet stories belong to this add to, embodied in his work Tales of Love, Madness and Death.

Quiroga was also inspired get ahead of British writer Rudyard Kipling (The Jungle Book), which is shown in his own Jungle Tales.^[7]

His Décalogo del Perfecto Cuentista (Ten Commandments for the Perfect Storyteller), dedicated to young writers, provides certain contradictions with his have work.

While the Decalogue touts an economic and precise category, using few adjectives, natural topmost simple wording, and clarity preceding expression, in many of empress own stories Quiroga did not quite follow his own principles, good ornate language, with plenty grounding adjectives and at times braggart vocabulary.

Legacy

A species of Southerly American snake, Apostolepis quirogai, practical named in his honor.^[8]

Selected works

Notes

External links